Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of New Thione Substituted 1,2,4-Triazole Schiff Bases as Novel Antimicrobial Agents

The condensation reaction of 5-(4-aminophenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione with salicylaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 5-bromosalicylaldehyde, 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, 3-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde in methanol results in series of new Schiff bases. The structure of Schiff bases were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity against bacterial (Gram negative and Gram positive) strains in vitro. The synthetic compounds showed different inhibition zones against tested bacterial strains. All compounds showed significant antiproliferative activity against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC 23055. In detail, Entrococcus faecalis (Gram positive) was resistant to all prepared compounds, whereas, A. calcoaceticus (Gram negative) was sensitive to all compounds especially 5c, 5d and 4. S. aureus (Gram positive, relatively resistant to antimicrobials) showed limited sensitivity to only 5c and 5d, and it was resistant to all other compounds and only 5c exhibited low activity against P. aeruginosa (Gram negative). The best results in the table belonged to 5c that showed high activity against A. calcoaceticus (33 mm) as well as S. aureus (20 mm).